Item No. 1 of 1

INVESTIGATOR: Kisekka, I.; Brown, PA, .; Longley, KA, E..; Harter, TH, .; Shukla, MA, .; Megdal, SH, BE.; Jessoe, KA, .; Nocco, MA, .; Hillyer, CH, .

PERFORMING INSTITUTION:
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS
410 MRAK HALL
DAVIS, CALIFORNIA 95616-8671

SUSTAINING GROUNDWATER AND IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN THE SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES UNDER A CHANGING CLIMATE

NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: This project supports the mission of the Agricultural Experiment Station by addressing the Hatch Act area(s) of: soil and water conservation and use; sustainable agriculture.The overall goal of this project is to ensure food and nutritional security of the United States (US) by sustaining irrigated agriculture in the Southwest US under changing climate, while addressing the co-benefits for the environment and human health. Major Southwestern aquifer systems including the Central Valley aquifer of California, Central Arizona alluvial aquifer and the Lower Rio Grande basin in New Mexico are experiencing unprecedented overdraft as growers increasingly depend on groundwater because of climate change induced multi-year droughts and heat stress. This interdisciplinary project aims to alleviate groundwater overdraft and sustain irrigated agriculture in the Southwest US by developing climate change adaptation management strategies; integrated modeling, data, and decision support tools for assessing the sustainability of groundwater and irrigated agriculture; and socioeconomics tools for groundwater governance. We will also develop innovative education programs and novel extension programming to support sustainable groundwater and irrigated agricultural systems. This integrated multidisciplinary project is complex with linkages between its different components including system drivers (climate change, regulations, markets), models (geophysical, hydrology, biophysical, socioeconomics), climate change adaptation management strategies (managed aquifer recharge, soil health, desalination of brackish groundwater, water pricing), and system analysis decision support tools. Three interconnected research objectives and corresponding activities are fully integrated with education and extension objectives. By developing management practices that address groundwater sustainability, climate change adaptation management strategies, education and extension programs, this study will have a major impact on food and nutritional security of the US.

OBJECTIVES: Long-term Goal(s): Ensuring food and nutritional security of the United States by sustaining irrigated agriculture in the Southwestern United States (SW US) while addressing the co-benefits for the environment and human health by alleviating or slowing groundwater overdraft and water quality trends in major aquifer systems including the Central Valley aquifer of California (CA), Central Arizona (AZ) alluvial aquifer and the Lower Rio Grande basin in New Mexico (NM).Supporting Overall Objectives:1. Develop integrated modeling, data, and decision support tools for assessing the sustainability of groundwater and irrigated agriculture in the SW US2. Develop climate change adaptation management strategies for SW US irrigated agriculture3. Develop socioeconomics tools for groundwater governance and irrigated agriculture in SW US4. Develop innovative education programs to support sustainable groundwater and irrigated agricultural systems in the SW US5. Develop novel extension programming to support implementation of sustainable practices in irrigated agriculture in the SW US

APPROACH: This is a multidisciplinary CAP project. The project team includes climate scientists, plant scientists, hydrologists, soil scientists, engineers, biometeorologist, geophysicist, economists, sociologists, policymakers, extension specialists, and educators. The project is complex, and involves linkages between the different components including system drivers, models, climate change adaptation management strategies and system analysis decision support tools. The project is organized in three interconnected research objectives that are fully integrated with education and extension objectives of the study. Examples of project activities are listed below.Climate metrics relevant to irrigated agriculture and AgMAR (Agricultural Managed Aquifer Recharge) future scenarios will be calculated for three time periods (2010-2039, 2040-2069, and 2070-2099) and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5).We will synthesize information from published literature and from ongoing experimental studies in semi-arid climates to assess how cover crops alone or combined with other soil health practices drive soil health properties of relevance for drought resilience and AgMAR.We will integrate remote, proximal, and in-situ sensing, simulation modeling, machine learning and modern irrigation control systems to improve water management for crops grown in central Arizona, California and New Mexico.Innovative desalination and nutrient recovery processes will be studied and developed at NMSU and CSU Fresno using synthetic and actual brackish saline groundwater.Develop adaptive and targeted nutrient management that is scalable and spans leaf, to canopy; improve quantification of plant response and physiological determinants of yield; improve early and mid-season yield prediction across spatial scales to guide seasonal strategies for input management.We will use tTEM a geophysical technique capable of efficiently mapping out electrical resistivity (related to sediment type, water content, salinity, clay content) to penetration depths (estimated for the selected sites) of ~50 to 80 m with meter-scale resolution, to characterize subsurface heterogeneity.Generated maps of soil hydraulic properties from geophysical mapping will be used as input to numerical models to simulate water flow and contaminant transport in the subsurface.For the largest and economically important alluvial aquifer systems in each state (Central Valley, Pinal County, Lower Rio Grande), we will develop a decision support tool useful for assessing long-term sustainability, specifically as it relates to groundwater supplies, and nitrate and salinity.This project will use a series of Natural language processing (NLP) methods to extract information from Groundwater Sustainability Plans (GSPs) in order to assess local governance of groundwater.We will build the most comprehensive and granular dataset on drinking water quality and access to drinking water in the Central Valley.We will study water pricing in Madera GSA in CA where water use per land parcel is estimated from remotely sensed evapotranspiration of applied water (ETapp).To address workforce needs, the partner institutions will develop educational, research, and outreach opportunities. Elements of the educational and mentorship pipeline include recruitment, retainment, and engagement from all levels (e.g., High school, Undergraduate, Graduate and Junior-level faculty).Project members with experience in institutional issues will guide the integration of the physical, social and economic tools into cross-state institutional patterns, policies and management decision tools.We will develop a living curriculum for future irrigation, soil health, and groundwater recharge field clinics and extension events.We will identify, hire, and train 4-H Youth Development Educators to serve Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities at the urban-rural interface.

PROGRESS: 2022/09 TO 2023/08
Target Audience:The target audiences for various initiatives encompass a broad spectrum, including groundwater and irrigation managers, scientists, students at different educational levels (K-12, undergraduate, secondary), teachers, extension specialists, the private sector, policymakers, growers of annual and perennial crops , extension advisors, water managers, natural resource managers, soil scientists, hydrologists, agronomists, agroecologists, scientific communities, academics, stakeholders, farm workers, environmental justice groups, regulatory agency staff, certified crop advisors, crop consultants, start-up companies in agtech, , congressional staff, general public, drainage water managers, commercial growers in Arizona, researchers, and engineers involved in desalination and water treatment technologies. Changes/Problems:Increase in salaries for graduate students and postdocs due to the United Auto Workers (UAW) ratified union contract with UC last year. As a project, we have a total deficitof $594,261 to cover salary and benefit increases for 8 postdocs and 6 graduate students covered under the UAW negotiated contract. UC Davis agreed to cover $5,000 per graduate student and postdoc for a total of in the first year of $70,000 in the first year of the transition. However, this is not enough. We requested supplmented budget support from NIFA but we were not successful. We remain hopeful. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Kisekka - Students graduated: 1 PhD and 1 MSc; Undergraduate students trained: 8 Josse - Jeffrey Hadachek who was hired last year as a GSR on this project has accepted a job as an assistant professor in the Department of Applied and Agricultural Economics at University of Wisconsin, Madison. SWAT training (30 participants from different states and countries) Sally Neas - We provided two trainings for educators serving youth in the program. Each training was three hours long and was attended by at least five educators. Nocco and Lazcano - A research team at UC Davis involved two undergraduate student assistants, Chiara de Quay and Ivy Israel, who provided crucial support to a PhD student and postdocs in the field, focusing on sample collection and meta-analysis data extraction, while Raymond Reis, a Junior Specialist, offered technical support for the collection and analysis of soil samples. Dr. Sangeeta Bansal, the postdoc overseeing the field survey, transitioned to a faculty position at Fresno State, with her leadership temporarily assumed by Dr. Nall Moonillal until a replacement postdoc is hired. Sarah Brickman, a graduate student, takes a lead role in meta-analysis and aids the postdoc in the ongoing soil survey. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Various effective methods have been employed to disseminate research results: Cross-institutional collaboration and knowledge sharing. Grower education clinics to share insights and practical knowledge. 4-Hprogram for youths Organized workshops designed specifically for farmers and stakeholders to facilitate direct engagement. Extension outreach Educational outreach materials like HydroLearn Several field demonstrations Scientific seminars and presentations: Organized field tours for water professionals to showcase ongoing research projects. These diverse methods were used to ensure that research findings are communicated effectively to a broad audience, including growers, students, policymakers, and the local community. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?All project goals are on track. We plan to continue implementing the project activies as outlined in the proposal.

IMPACT: 2022/09 TO 2023/08
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective One: In Year 2, led by Steven Ostoja and Lauren Parker, our climate risk assessment analyzed exposure for six winegrape varieties across 12 California American Viticultural Areas. Spanning 1991-2020 & 2040-2069, considering RCP 4.5 & RCP 8.5, we developed variety-specific models for grape phenology shifts. We assessed 14 agroclimate metrics for potential variety- and location-specific climate exposure. John Idowu continued his soil health project in Las Cruces, exploring cover crop, soil amendment, and tillage impacts. Results showed cover crops positively influencing corn silage yield and soil biological measurements. Conventional tillage had the highest yield, while compost-biochar amendment showed higher yields and improved soil quality, affecting soil moisture during corn growth. Cristina Lazcano, Amelia Gaudin, and PhD student Sarah Brickman researched cover crops and regenerative soil practices' effects on soil hydraulic properties. A database was built, and a soil survey in 30+ vineyards and a pistachio orchard evaluated long-term impacts on soil properties. Data is still being analyzed. Sanyal Debankur conducted on-farm trials in Arizona, identifying cover crop species and collecting soil samples. Outcomes were presented at conferences, emphasizing cover crop potential as forage with lower water requirements. Isaya Kisekka focused on water demand management, establishing the Central Valley ET Network for validating remote sensing-based ET measurements. Preliminary research highlighted the need for a data assimilation framework. Ongoing assessments of conservation practices to reduce nitrate leaching emphasized groundwater quality protection. Dr. Karl Longley, Dr. William Wright, Dr. Sankha Banerjee, and Dr. Pei Xu advanced membrane technology for brackish water treatment. Cation exchange membranes with enhanced conductivity and stability were developed, aiming to improve membrane longevity for cost-effective treatment. Sharon Benes researched SJRIP site soil salinity changes (2017-2021) with change detection maps. Remote sensing methods explored decision support, with NDVI showing a moderate correlation with forage yield. Real-time monitoring will contribute to future water and solute transport modeling. Patrick Brown led the nutrient and salinity management project in almond orchards collecting comprehensive drone and satellite imagery, tree physiology and yield data. In-field variability maps and an explanatory model were developed. Objective Two: Thomas Harter led the development of the Central Valley NPSAT Modeling Tool. The focus was on comparing spatio-temporal recharge distribution from different models. Collaboration with stakeholders refined the tool, updating groundwater flow and transport simulation code with recharge algorithms and virtual well generation. The Mantis online tool underwent a redesign, enhancing scenario management features. In the AgMAR project led by Helen Dahlke and Scott Bradford, evaluation of the 2022 Almond Orchard experiment involved extensive work at multiple field sites, employing different managed aquifer recharge operations. At Terranova Ranch, a T-PROGS model was built, and drywell recharge operations were monitored. Geophysical data collection included time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements to monitor percolating recharge water. In the Rio Grande Watershed Modeling project led by Manoj Shukla, the SWAT model simulated streamflow, with a parameter sensitivity analysis revealing key parameters influencing model performance. The study compared various climate data sources, finding reliable SWAT simulations across watersheds. Objective Three: Tyler Scott and Mark Lubell led the development of a software tool for measuring policy networks. A manuscript demonstrating the tool's application is under peer review, and another analyzing groundwater sustainability plans is being developed. The open-source R package, textNet, operationalizing the NLP tool, is available on Github. Data collection focused on metadata to support the tools and analysis. David Zilberman developed a framework for teaching water economics, emphasizing historical water rights, irrigation technology adoption modeling, and diverse water pricing approaches. The framework for analyzing water supply chains highlighted efficiency, equity, and resilience needs. Applied to examine California's water history, it anticipates demand for innovative solutions. Katrina Jessoe's working paper in Objective Three analyzes surface water shocks and heat impact on new well construction, groundwater levels, and domestic well failures. The paper is in the revise and resubmit stage. Findings were presented to stakeholders, including farmers, community drinking water groups, state agencies, and academics. Objective Four: Shannon Norris made advancements in refining outlines for 10 proposed modules in Objective Four, focusing on groundwater, irrigation, and climate change. Analysis of online water educational resources informed the design of three comprehensive modules tailored for high school students. Emphasis on current issues, policies, groundwater types, overdraft, contamination, recharge, irrigation, best practices, systems, and climate change impact was instrumental in enhancing learning outcomes, activities, and supporting documents. A teacher advisory board ensured module alignment with standards. Acquisition of Articulate Storyline software initiated pilot module programming. Three modules of the proposed 10 were created, marking testing on the HydroLearn system's commencement. Charles Hillyer, after resolving administrative issues in the first year, faced challenges in recruitment efforts for student and startup company participation. Limited success was reported, with only two undergraduate students fully participating. Plans for expanded outreach in Year three is underway. Objective Five: In the past year, Sally Naes successfully scaled the Water Wizards program, increasing participation from 100 to over 500 youth. A new delivery mode, with classroom teachers facilitating, was implemented. Key goals were met, including recruiting a community educator, creating essential materials, and organizing logistics. Sally Naes' leadership and direct teacher support positively impacted the program. Pre- and post-program surveys validated positive learning outcomes. Mallika Nocco reported significant progress in project objectives. Experimental sites were identified for a decision support tool for soil health and recharge. A sampling campaign at vineyard sites explored drought resilience, soil health, and managed aquifer recharge. Ongoing efforts translate data into decision support tools. Knowledge dissemination included Water Talk Podcast episodes and Grower Education Clinics reaching 150 growers. Sargeant Green, although extension efforts weren't initially programmed, proactively engaged in technical groups focused on groundwater recharge feasibility. The aim is to understand information utilization by institutions involved in groundwater management, offering sustainability opportunities in subsequent years. In conclusion, the efforts across all objectives have contributed to a comprehensive understanding of various aspects related to climate risk assessment, soil health, water management, policy networks, and educational outreach. These findings provide a foundation for sustainable and resilient agricultural practices and inform future research and extension activities.

PUBLICATIONS (not previously reported): 2022/09 TO 2023/08
1. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Nicolas, F., Kamai, T., Gal, A.B., Ochoa-Brito, J., Daccache, A., Ogunmokun, F., & Kisekka, I. (2023). Assessing salinity impacts on crop yield and economic returns in the Central Valley. Agricultural Water Management, 287, 108463.
2. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Zilberman, D., Huang, A., Goldberg, L., & Reardon, T. (2023). The evolution of symbiotic innovation, water, and agricultural supply chains. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 45(3), 1592-1603.
3. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Zilberman, D., Kaplan, S., Huang, A., & Goldberg, L. (2023). Teaching Water Economics Using Dynamics and a Political Economy Framework. Applied Economics Teaching Resources
4. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Linker, R., & Kisekka, I. (2023). Model-based simulation-optimization of irrigation schedulingâA field evaluation with processing tomatoes. Smart Agricultural Technology, 4, 100234.
5. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: 4Tang, M.M., Sadowski, D.L., Peng, C., Vougioukas, S.G., Klever, B., Khalsa, S.D.S., Brown, P.H., & Jin, Y.F. (2023). Tree-level almond yield estimation from high resolution aerial imagery with convolutional neural network. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14, AR 1070699. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.107069
6. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Beeri, I., Kisekka, R., Pelta, R., Raij Hoffman, I., Sade, Z., Peddinti, S.R., & Shilo, T. (2023). Evaluation of crop evapotranspiration from the fusion of spectral and SAR data together with various reference evapotranspiration sources. Precision Agriculture, Pages: 661 â 667.
7. Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Lazarovitch, N., Kisekka, I., Oker, T.E., Brunetti, G., Wöhling, T., Li, X., Li, Y., Skaggs, T.H., Furman, A., Sasidharan, S., Raij-Hoffman, I., & Šim?nek, J. (2023). Modeling of irrigation and related processes with HYDRUS. Advances in Agronomy, 181, 79-181
8. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Drechsler, K., & Kisekka, I. (2022). Variety specific irrigation of almonds during hull split, effects on yield and quality. Agricultural Water Management, 271, 107770.
9. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Yao, Y., Lund, J.R., & Harter, T. (2022). Conjunctive management for agriculture with groundwater salinity. Water Resources Research, 58(10). DOI: 10.1029/2021WR031058
10. Type: Websites Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T., Nocco, M., Kisekka, I., & Dahlke, H. (2023, April 12). Commentary: How managing flood flows can help rescue aquifers. Ag Alert. https://www.agalert.com/california-ag-news/archives/april-12-2023/commentary-ho w-managing-flood-flows-can-help-rescue-aquifers/
11. Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kourakos, G., Harter, T., & Dahlke, H. (2023, in review). Ichnos: A parallel particle tracking utility for flow simulations. Journal of Environmental Modelling and Software.
12. Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kourakos, G., Pauloo, R., & Harter, T. (2023, in review). A Statistical Method for Simulating 3D Well Screen Locations from Limited Regional Well Log Data. Journal of Groundwater.
13. Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kouba, C., & Harter, T. (2023, in review). Seasonal prediction of end-of-dry season watershed behavior in a highly interconnected alluvial watershed, Northern California. Journal of Hydrology and Earth System Sciences.
14. Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Edirisooriya, E.M.N. Thiloka, Wang, H., Banerjee, S., Longley, K., Wright, W., Mizuno, W., & Xu, P. (Submitted). Economic feasibility of developing alternative water supplies for agricultural irrigation. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering.
15. Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2023 Citation: Condon, L.E., J. Ruiz, Antin, P., Buizer, J., Collinge, S., Esquerra, N.L., Ikner,L.A., Megdal, S.B., and Patten, K.J. (2023) âThe Presidential Advisory Commission on the Future of Agriculture and Food Production in a Drying Climate.â Final Report, August 2023. https://doi.org/10.2458/10150.66955
16. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Zufall, E., & Scott, T. (2023, May 15). The Grammar of Governance: Building semantic models of governance networks from text. Invited Presentation at the Conference for Methodological Pluralism in Public Management, Indiana University.
17. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Al Dughaishi, U., & Kisekka, I. (2023). Evaluation of the effect of recycled water cation composition on strawberry growth and development. Paper presented at the ASABE AIM 2022, Omaha, Nebraska.
18. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Arboleda-Zapata, M., Li, X., Osterman, G., Sasidharan, S., Bradford, S., & Dahlke, H. (2023, submitted). Monitoring wetting front evolution from drywells using time-lapsed electrical resistivity tomography. Paper submitted to AGU Fall Meeting.
19. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Bonfil, C., Ogunmokun, F., Goodrich, P., Baumbauer, C. L., Lahann, L., Koh, S., Arias, A. C., & Kisekka, I. (2023). Evaluation of a Potentiometric Soil Nitrate Sensor for Detecting Nitrate Transport in Glass Beads. Paper presented at the 2023 UCOWR/NIWR Annual Water Resources Conference, Fort Collins, CO.
20. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Brown, P. H. (2022, December 6). Optimizing nutrient management. Paper presented at the Almond Conference, 600 attendees.
21. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Brown, P. H. (2023, February 1). Nutrient management in tree crops. Presentation at Fruit Growers Lab, Lodi, 120 attendees.
22. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Brown, P. H. (2023, March 12). Optimizing nutrient management. Presentation at Pomology Short Course-UCANR, 2-hour training session, 54 attendees.
23. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Brown, P. H. (2023, March 29). Methodology for nutrient analysis in tree crops. Presentation at Wilbur Ellis PCA Training Session, Chico, 80 attendees.
24. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Brown, P. H. (2023, May 9). Methodology for nutrient analysis in tree crops. Presentation at ISHS Almond and Pistachio, Davis, 140 attendees
25. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Chen, C., & Kisekka, I. (2022). Estimating blue and green water footprints of pistachios in Madera County, CA. Paper presented at the SW Groundwater SAS Annual Symposium, November 2022, Davis, CA.
26. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Chen, C., Roby, M., Sapkota, A., & Kisekka, I. (2023, May). Evaluating effects of cover crops on crop coefficients and water use of young pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) orchards. Paper presented at the VIII International Symposium on Almonds and Pistachios, Davis, CA.
27. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Dahlke, H. (2023, April 17). Nitrogen fate during agricultural managed aquifer recharge: Linking plant response, hydrologic, and geochemical processes. Paper presented to the Advisory committee of the GW CAP project (this project).
28. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Dahlke, H. (2023, April 25). Storing More Water Through Intentional Groundwater Recharge. Paper presented at the UC ANR statewide conference, Fresno, CA.
29. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Dahlke, H. E., Levintal, E., Prieto Garcia, C., Kisekka, I., & Harter, T. (2022). Deciphering flow and transport processes from the land surface to a groundwater well during managed aquifer recharge. Paper presented at the AGU Fall Meeting.
30. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Edirisooriya, T. (2023, September 26-29). Economic feasibility of developing alternative water supplies for agricultural irrigation. Paper presented at the American Membrane Technology Conference, El Paso, Texas.
31. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Fademi, I. (2023). Impacts of Soil Health Practices on Soil Moisture Retention in an Arid Agroecosystem. Oral presentation at the 2023 UCOWR/NIWR Annual Water Resources Conference, June 13-15, 2023, Fort Collins, CO.
32. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Fademi, I., Omer, M. N., Ghimire, R., & Idowu, O. J. (2022). Winter Cover Crops and Soil Amendment Effects on Selected Soil Measurements in an Arid Agroecosystem [Abstract]. Paper presented at the ASA, CSSA, SSSA International Annual Meeting, Baltimore, MD. Oral Presentation. Retrieved from https://scisoc.confex.com/scisoc/2022am/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/142840
33. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Guerra, A., Peddinti, S. R., Ogunmokun, F., & Kisekka, I. (2023, April 7-8). Evaluating a Novel Radio Frequency-Based Soil Moisture Sensor Under Saline and Imperfect Installation. Paper presented at the Stanford Undergraduate Research Association (SURA), Palo Alto, CA.
34. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Harter, T. (2022, December). Nitrate Validation for Non-point Source Assessment Tool in the Central Valley, California. Paper presented at the American Geophysical Union.
35. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Harter, T. (2022, December). Seasonal Prediction of End-of-Dry Season Watershed Behavior in a Highly Interconnected Alluvial Watershed, Northern California. Paper presented at the American Geophysical Union.
36. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, April). Groundwater and Watershed Budgets in the Central Valley. Paper presented at the Water Education Foundation.
37. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, April). Review of the Development of CV-NPSAT as a Tool to Assess Future Groundwater Nitrate Conditions in the Central Valley. Paper presented at the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board.
38. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, April). Water Rights in California. Paper presented at the Water Education Foundation.
39. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, August). Comparison of Proposed Instream Flow Requirements to Anticipated Outcomes under Continuous Summer Curtailment and Unimpaired Conditions. Paper presented at the California State Water Resources Control Board.
40. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, August). Quantifying Long-Term Regional Groundwater Quality Benefits from Good Agricultural Practices. Paper presented at Healthy Land, Clean Water â 78th Annual Meeting.
41. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, February). Implementing the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act. Paper presented at the Belmont Forum INCLUSIVE Project, Taiwan Team.
42. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, January). AgMAR Effects on Shallow Groundwater Quality at the Orchard Scale. Paper presented at the USDA W4188 Soil Physics Workgroup.
43. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, January). Governing California Groundwater under SGMA. Paper presented at the Young Dairy Leaders Program.
44. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, June). Adapting to Climate Change: Sustainable Groundwater in Agriculture. Paper presented at the Workshop for the Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources.
45. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, June). INCLUSIVE: California Groundwater Management Case Study. Paper presented at Sustainability, Research, Innovation 2023 â International Conference.
46. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, June). Introduction to Groundwater Monitoring - sustainable groundwater quality management with a focus on agricultural landscapes. Paper presented at the California Water Quality Monitoring Council.
47. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, June). Quantifying Long-Term Regional Groundwater Quality Benefits from Agricultural Practices. Paper presented at UCOWR.
48. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Harter, T. (2023, May). Nitrate, pesticides, and sustainable groundwater quality management in agricultural landscapes. Paper presented at the UCCE Ventura County, Thelma Hansen Symposium âFuture of Water in Agricultureâ.
49. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2022, November 14-17). Predicting alfalfa yield and quality using FARMs. Paper presented at the World Alfalfa Congress, San Diego, California.
50. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2022, November 7th). Sustainable Groundwater use in Agriculture. Paper presented at the 2022 International Conference on the Cooperation and Integration of Industry, Education Research and Application, Virtual.
51. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2022, October 22-27). Recycled water reuse for agricultural irrigation: sodicity and salinity impacts on soil and plants. Paper presented at the treWAG Recycled Water Reuse Symposium, Kibbutz Hagoshrim, Israel.
52. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2023). Multi-scale modeling of water and nitrate leaching to groundwater from irrigated agriculture using SWAT and Hydrus. Paper presented at the CWEMF Annual Meeting, April 17th, 2023, Folsom, CA.
53. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2023, February 7-8). Multi-site Evaluation of Stem Water Potential Sensors in Almonds. Paper presented at the 2023 California Plant and Soil Conference, Fresno, CA.
54. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2023, January 23rd). Sustaining Groundwater and Irrigated Agriculture in the Southwestern United States under a Changing Climate (Groundwater Project). Stakeholder Meeting, Maricopa, Arizona.
55. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2023, January 3rd). Deep vadose zone monitoring of nitrate leaching to groundwater under Irrigated Agriculture. Paper presented at the W4188: Soil, Water, and Environmental Physics â 2023 Annual Meeting, Las Vegas, NV.
56. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I. (2023, March 8th). Sustaining Groundwater and Irrigated Agriculture in California under a Changing Climate. Keynote Speaker at the California Irrigation Institute 61st Annual Conference, Sacramento.
57. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I., Hillyer, C., Lazcano, C., Zilberman, D., Ogunmokun, F., Longley, K., Jessoe, K., Nocco, M., Shukla, M., Brown, P., Megdal, S., Bradford, S., Ostoja, S., & Harter, T. (2022). Groundwater Sustainability and Food Production in the Southwest US. Paper presented at the ASABE AIM 2022, Omaha, Nebraska.
58. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I., Hillyer, C., Lazcano, C., Zilberman, D., Ogunmokun, F., Longley, K., Jessoe, K., Nocco, M., Shukla, M., Brown, P., Megdal, S., Bradford, S., Ostoja, S., & Harter, T. (2023). Southwest Groundwater and Agricultural Sustainability. Paper presented at the UCOWR/NIWR Annual Water Resources Conference, June 13-15, 2023.
59. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2022 Citation: Nicolas, F., & Kisekka, I. (2022). A Field-Scale Groundwater Protection Formula Using an Integrated APEX-MODFLOW Model to Predict Nitrate Leaching into Unconfined Aquifers. Paper presented at the AGU Fall Meeting.
60. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Nicolas, F., Kamai, T., Ben-Gal, A., Ochoa, J., Daccache, A., Ogunmokun, F., & Kisekka, I. (2023). Quantitative Modelling of the Impacts of Irrigation Water Salinity on Crop Yield and Profitability: Case Study of Groundwater Quality Used for Irrigation in California's Central Valley. Paper presented at the UCOWR/NIWR Annual Water Resources Conference, June 13-15, 2023.
61. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Nicolas, F., Raij-Hoffman, I., & Kisekka, I. (2022). An Integrated Agrohydrologic Groundwater Protection Formula for Field Scale Assessment of Nitrate Leaching. Paper presented at the SW Groundwater SAS Annual Symposium, November 2022, Davis, CA.
62. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Norris-Parish, S. L., Petty, K., & Shukla, M. (2023, June). Innovative educational modules for sustaining groundwater and irrigated agriculture in the Southwest [Oral Presentation]. Paper presented at the Universities Council on Water Resources (UCOWR) Conference, Fort Collins, CO.
63. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Ogunmokun, F., Osterman, G., Arboleda-Zapata, M., Li, X., Nicolas, F., Ward, K., & Kisekka, I. (2023). Evaluation of winter flooding as a management practice for mitigating boron toxicity in almond orchards. Paper presented at UCWOR.
64. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2023 Citation: Ogunmokun, F., Osterman, G., Nicolas, F., Li, X., Arboleda-Zapata, M., & Kisekka, I. (2023, submitted). Assessing the effectiveness of winter flooding in leaching Boron out of the root zone of Almond Orchards. Paper submitted to AGU Fall Meeting.
65. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Ogunmokun, F., Osterman, G., Zapata, M., Li, X., Nicola, F., Ward, K., & Kisekka, I. (2023). Evaluation of Winter Flooding as a Management Practice for Mitigating Boron Toxicity in Almond Orchards. Paper presented at the 2023 UCOWR/NIWR Annual Water Resources Conference, Fort Collins, CO.
66. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2023 Citation: Osterman, G., Arboleda-Zapata, M., & Lambie, J. (2023, submitted). Reducing interpretation uncertainty in a 3D transient electromagnetic resistivity model using statistically based sampling locations for direct sampling of sediment texture and water content. Paper submitted to AGU Fall Meeting.
67. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Parker, L., Zhang, N. (Presenter), McElrone, A., Kisekka, I., & Ostoja, S. (2023, June). Exposure to climate stressors for California winegrapes under a changing climate. Paper presented at the University Council on Water Resources Conference, Fort Collins, CO.
68. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Petty, K., & Norris-Parish, S. L. (2022, November). Educational modules for groundwater sustainable and use [Poster Presentation]. USDA SAS Groundwater Annual Conference, Sacramento, CA.
69. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Petty, K., & Norris-Parish, S. L. (2023, February). Muddy waters: Leveraging storytelling to teach water issues in the desert Southwest [Poster Presentation]. National Agricultural Communications Symposium (NACS), Oklahoma City, OK.
70. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Sapkota, A., Roby, M., Chen, C., & Kisekka, I. (2023, May). Assessing the effect of cover crops on soil respiration in an irrigated pistachio (Pistachio vera L.) orchard. Paper presented at the VIII International Symposium on Almonds and Pistachios, Davis, CA.
71. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Kisekka, I., Raij-Hoffman, I., Ogunmokun, F., Bonfil, C., Lennon, W., Dahan, O., & Harter, T. (2023, August 6-9). Field Scale Assessment of Nitrate Leaching to Groundwater in the Central Valley Aquifer System. Paper presented at the Soil and Water Conservation Society (SWCS) Annual Conference, Des Moines, IA.
72. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Megdal S. B.. (2023, January 24). Sustaining Groundwater and Irrigated Agriculture in the Southwestern United States Under a Changing Climate: USDA-NIFA Project, Arizona Stakeholdersâ Meeting. Maricopa Agricultural Center.
73. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Sharma, S. (2022). Hydrological Modeling using different precipitation datasets on a monthly basis at Rio-Grande Basin, NM. Paper presented at the Annual Symposium of SW Groundwater SAS, November 2-4, 2022.
74. Type: Other Status: Submitted Year Published: 2023 Citation: Sharma, S. (2023). Hydrological Modeling using different precipitation datasets on a monthly basis at Rio-Grande Basin, NM. Oral presentation at the Departmental Seminar, April 14, 2023.
75. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Sharma, S., & Shukla, M. K. (2023). Hydrological Modeling at different stream gauges using different precipitation datasets on a monthly basis at Rio-Grande Basin, NM. Oral presentation at the UCOWR / NIWR Annual Water Resources Conference, June 14, 2023.
76. Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2023 Citation: Sharma, S., Shukla, M. K., Bawazir, A. S., & Stringam, B. L. (2023). Hydrological Modeling using different precipitation datasets for watersheds in the Rio Grande Watershed of New Mexico, USA. Master's thesis, New Mexico State University, July 21, 2023.
77. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Soriano, M., Quinn, N., Scudiero, E., Medina, R., & Benes, S. (2023, February 7-8). Can Satellite Time Series Data Discern Spatial Patterns in Dry Matter Yield in âJoseâ Tall Wheatgrass Fields under High Salinity Conditions in the San Joaquin Valley of California? Paper presented at the California Plant & Soil Conference, Fresno, CA.
78. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Soriano, M., Quinn, N., Scudiero, E., Medina, R., & Benes, S. (2022, April 20). Can Satellite Time Series Data Discern Spatial Patterns in Dry Matter Yield in âJoseâ Tall Wheatgrass Fields under High Salinity Conditions in the San Joaquin Valley of California? Paper presented at the Central CA Research Symposium, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, CA.
79. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Soriano, M., Quinn, N., Scudiero, E., Medina, R., & Benes, S. (2023, February 7-8). Can Satellite Time Series Data Discern Spatial Patterns in Dry Matter Yield in 'Jose' Tall Wheatgrass Fields under High Salinity Conditions in the San Joaquin Valley of California? Poster presentation at the California Plant & Soil Conference, California chapter of the American Society of Agronomy, Fresno, CA. (Student) Central CA Research Symposium, California State University, Fresno, April 20, 2022, Fresno, CA.
80. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: WU, S., Zikalala, P. G., Alba, S., Segaran, M. A., Kisekka, I., Grismer, M. E., Lampinen, B., Shackel, K., Snyder, R. L., Sue Wing, I., & Monier, E. (2022). Climate Change Impacts and Adaptive Capacity for California Almonds. Paper presented at the AGU Fall Meeting.
81. Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2023 Citation: Zhang, N., Parker, L., Ostoja, S., Kisekka, I., & McElrone, A. (2023). Exposure to Climate Stressors for California Winegrapes under a Changing Climate. Paper presented at the UCOWR/NIWR Annual Water Resources Conference, June 13-15, 2023.
82. Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2022 Citation: Zufall, E., Scott, T., & Lubell, M. (Year). A Structural Topic Model Analysis of Groundwater Sustainability Plans. Conference poster presented at the SW Groundwater SAS Annual Symposium.